Brown-eyed Susan is a prolific and charming short-lived perennial that produces an absolute explosion of small, cheerful flowers in the late summer and fall. Reaching 2 to 5 feet in height, this bushy plant is covered in hundreds of 1 to 2-inch wide blossoms with bright yellow rays and dark, button-like centers. Its name refers to the characteristic three-lobed leaves found at the base of the plant. Native to the eastern and central United States, it is commonly found in open woods, thickets, and rocky slopes. It thrives in full to partial sun and is very adaptable to different soil types, from medium-wet to medium-dry. While individual plants may only live for a few years, it is a vigorous self-seeder that will readily maintain its presence in the garden. Its dense blooming habit makes it an incredible resource for pollinators preparing for winter, and its seeds are eagerly sought after by small birds. No special pretreatment is needed for the seeds, which can be easily direct-sown in either spring or fall.

Quick facts

• Height: 2–5 ft
• Sun: Full to Partial
• Soil moisture: Medium-Wet to Medium-Dry
• Bloom time: Aug–Oct (Yellow)
• Life cycle: Perennial
• Notes: Aggressive, Short-lived
• Native range: Native to 35 states, including Iowa, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Illinois, Missouri, Nebraska

See the full growing guide and county range map for Brown-eyed Susan